What group of people did the Spanish hope to convert?
The Expansion of the Reconquista and the Establishment of the mission at Saint Augustine, Florida in 1565
Past the fourth dimension Christopher Columbus prepare sail in 1492, the Christians of Kingdom of spain had already spent virtually 700 years waging a religious war confronting the Muslims who had come up through Northern Africa. The Reconquista has instilled in the Christian Spaniards a violent sense of religious pride, equally well every bit a need to detect treasures to refill both the Purple coffers and the personal accounts. The country was most united for the first fourth dimension since the Roman Empire cruel and the new cosmic monarchs were trying to keep their tenuous hold on the throne. Subsequently having finally expelled the Muslims in the early 1490s, exploration was the best way to utilize the newly out of work soldiers. So the Spanish set sail and lay claim to the Americas. The goals of the excursions were 3 fold: expand the ability and dominance of the Spanish monarchy, expand the wealth of the Castilian Monarch, and finally, to spread the reach of the Catholic faith to new souls. The particular make of religion the Spanish brought with them to the Americas was not the peaceful and accepting faith that the French Jesuits displayed, rather,
Iberian Catholicism was militant and saw equally its mission the conversion of all non-Catholics… evolved in a multi-ethnic and multi-religious social club. As the Catholic kingdoms on the peninsula emerged as the dominant political force, Iberian Catholicism became increasingly intolerant, and governments and Church leaders became concerned to maintain religious orthodoxy [1]
Information technology comes as no surprise, therefore that the Castilian sought the conversion of the natives at all costs, and the punishment for those that refused was expiry, but expiry was sometimes welcome in contrast to the handling faced at the easily of the Spanish. In gild to advance the cause of missionary work, the Pope granted most all dominance over the people (mainly Catholics and would-be-Catholics ) in the Americas to the Spanish crown. It therefore roughshod to Isabella and Ferdinand to organize expeditions and missions to explore, colonize, and Christianize the "newly discovered" world.
"The Crown established missions across the northern tier of territories in northern Mexico, likewise as Florida. The Jesuits and Franciscans were the about important missionary orders in Castilian America, just Dominicans, Augustinians, and Mercedarians also staffed missions. The mission was the quintessential Spanish borderland institution, designed to subjugate native groups living on the fringes of Spanish America and to implement social, cultural, and religious change among the native populations at less toll to the Crown." [2]
Different subsequently points of contact betwixt European powers and Natives, the Florida tribes probably had piddling prior noesis virtually the methods and techniques that the Spanish had employed in Central America and the Caribbean area. For one thing, the Native population in Florida at the point of contact was as high as it would always be according to James Loewen, author of Lies My Instructor Told Me. [3] Because the arrival of Southwestern Europeans in the Americas cause the introduction of illnesses never earlier faced by the Americans, the casualty numbers were devastatingly high. Perchance it is because of the fact that the natives (rightly) blamed the illnesses on the arrival of the Europeans, or perhaps it was the Conqueror mentality, simply the native populations did not react the way that the Spanish had hoped they would. In fact:
Native peoples frequently failed to cooperate to the extent that the missionaries hoped, and oftentimes exhibited a bad habit of wishing to preserve their ain culture, social practices, and religious beliefs that had served them for many years prior to the inflow of the missionaries and their Castilian or Portuguese allies. [4]
Shortly after the conquests, Catholic missionaries—Jesuits until 1571, Franciscans and Dominicans after that—attempted to convert Native Americans to Christianity. They established missions not only at the centers of the new empire, but also in New Mexico and Florida. Castilian Jesuits fifty-fifty built a short–lived mission outpost in Virginia.
In 1565, Spanish Jesuits founded a mission in the recently founded settlement of St. Augustine, in the region of La Florida. This would be the first major successful Spanish Jesuit mission in the region. Because St. Augustine was the capital of La Florida, the mission was almost guaranteed a shot at survival considering the metropolis acted as the cultural and economic hub of the area. The neighboring Indians were not very willing to happily accept the return of Spanish Conquistadors. The Conquistadores had caused so much suffering amongst the natives that their reluctance to behave more like Europeans in general, and Spanish in item is understandable. Equally Daniel Richter writes in his book FAcing East from Indian Land: a Native History of Early on America:
As the adelantado ensconces himself in the chief's residence, his men dismantle the remaining houses and destroy a temple topped past a carved wooden bird, salvaging the materials to build billet for themselves. Concurrently they brutally seize replacements for iv previously captured Timucuan men brought with them to serve as interpreters and guides. When iii of these in turn escape, a native woman who supposedly helped them is thrown to the dogs. The same fate meets the remaining interpreter when he proves a less than cooperative guide (Richter, 20).
Word of this brutality volition precede the Spaniards through the region and led to a mistrust and a hatred towards the Spanish for many Indian tribes. When de Soto and his men come looking for gilded in a new village, the leaders always send them along, with the promise that if the Spanish volition travel a petty farther north or a little further westward, they would notice the gold they were looking for.
Things were looking well for the mission until 1572 when the Jesuits, fed upwardly with the hostilities of the local Natives, abandoned their attempts, leaving the souls of the Natives in the hands of Dominican and Franciscan friars recently sent from Spain.
Major Castilian Missions in La Florida include San AugustÃne, Tocobaga, Calos, Orista, and Guale.
[1] Jackson, Robert H. 2009. "Missions on the frontiers of Spanish America." Journal Of Religious History 33, no. 3: 328-347. ATLA Religion Database, EBSCOhost (accessed November 10, 2011). 331
[2] Jackson, Robert H. 2009. "Missions on the frontiers of Spanish America." 332
[3] Loewen, James W. 1996. Lies my teacher told me: everything your American history textbook got wrong. New York: Simon & Schuster. P. 71
[four] Jackson, Robert H. 2009. "Missions on the frontiers of Spanish America." 333
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